Ikhibhodi yesiArabhu
Isikhokelo soGuqulelo lwesiArabhu: Uguqulo loMlinganiswa oPhambili
Ulwimi lwesiArabhu lunenkqubo yokubhala eyodwa ehamba ukusuka ekunene ukuya ekhohlo (fumana iukuvela kokubhala kwesiArabhu ukutyhubela iinkulungwane). Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko zemfundo, i-cartographic, ulawulo, okanye ngexesha lotshintshiselwano lwemihla ngemihla kwiwebhu, kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukumela amagama esi-Arabhu usebenzisa i-alfabhethi yesiLatini. YilaphoIsikhokelo sokuguqulela isiArabhu singena khona.
Ngokungafaniyo noshicilelo olulula lwefonetiki, oluzama ukukopa ngokungqongqo isandi segama, uguqulelo lwenzululwazi lujolise kwimbalelwano engqongqo esuka kwileta ukuya kwileta. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga imigangatho esemthethweni yokuthandana, iinkqubo ezidumileyo, kunye nezenzo ezingcono zokuguqula ngempumelelo isiArabhu sibe ngoonobumba besiLatini.
1. Ushicilelo olukhutshelweyo vs. Uguqulelo: Yintoni uMahluko?
Kuqhelekile ukubhidanisa ezi mbono zimbini, nangona kunjalo zibalulekile kwiilwimi:
- Ushicilelo: Inefonetiki. Ilungisa okubhaliweyo ngokolwimi ekujoliswe kulo. Umzekelo, igama elithi محمد liya kubhalwa njengo-"Mohammed" ngesiFrentshi kunye no-"Mohamed" okanye "Muhammad" ngesiNgesi, ukunceda umfundi ukubiza igama ngokwemithetho yakhe yesizwe yopelo.
- Uguqulelo: Lubume. Inika unobumba ohlukileyo wesiLatini (ngamanye amaxesha ngombhalo we-diacritic okanye i-subscript dot) kwigrafu nganye yesi-Arabhu, nokuba loluphi ulwimi lomfundi. Ivumela ingcali yolwimi ukuba iphinde yakhe igama loqobo lesi-Arabhu unobumba-nobumba ngendlela enokujikwa.
2. IiNkqubo zokuGuqulela iiNzululwazi ezingundoqo
Imigangatho emininzi yezizwe ngezizwe ilawula ukwenziwa isiRoman yesiClassical Arabic kunye neModern Standard Arabic. Nazi ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kupapasho nakuphando:
Umgangatho we-ISO 233
Lo ngumgangatho wehlabathi wereferensi yokuguqulela oonobumba besiArabhu koonobumba besiLatini. Isebenzisa inkqubo engqongqo ye-diacritics (i-macrons yezikhamiso ezinde, amachaphaza phantsi kweeconsonants ezigxininisayo) ukuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa okupheleleyo.
Inkqubo ye-Encyclopaedia of Islam (EI).
Idume kakhulu kwihlabathi lezemfundo kunye nezifundo zaseMpuma, le nkqubo yembali isetyenziselwa ukukhomba amagama afanelekileyo, iingqikelelo zezakwalizwi, kunye neenyani zembali kuncwadi lwesiFrentshi kunye nehlabathi jikelele.
| Ileta yesiArabhu | Igama leleta | Uguqulo lwezifundo | Unikezelo lomzekelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| خ | Kha | ḫ / kh | Khadija / Ḫadīǧa |
| ش | Sheen | š/sh | IiShams / Šams (Sun) |
| ص | Ilusizi (igxininisa) | ṣ | Sabr / Ṣabr (Umonde) |
| ع | I-Ayn (iyahlekisa) | ʿ / ' | UAli / ʿAlī |
3. Arabizi: Uguqulo olungekho sikweni kunye neDijithali
Ngokuhambisana nemigangatho engqongqo yenzululwazi, ukufika kwe-Intanethi, i-SMS, kunye neenethiwekhi zentlalo ziye zavelisa inkqubo yokuguqulela eyaziwayo kunye nokuzenzekelayo: Arabizi (okanye "Incoko yesiArabhu").
Idalwe ngabantu abancinci abathetha isiArabhu ukuze babhale ulwimi lwabo lwengingqi (bona umahluko wedialectal kwisiArabic) xa iiselfowuni zamandulo kunye nezitshixo zekhompyutha bezingazixhasi ialfabhethi yesiArabhu, le nkqubo isebenzisa oonobumba besiLatini nu. La manani akhethelwe ukufana kwawo komzobo noonobumba besi-Arabhu abangenayo ifonetiki eNtshona:
- 3 imele unobumba u-Ayn (ع), ngenxa yokumila kwayo kwesipili.
- 7 imele unobumba aspirated Ha (ح).
- 5 okanye 7' imele unobumba u-Kha (خ).
- 9 imele unobumba Qaf (ق).
Umzekelo kwiArabizi: "Mar7aba, kifak? 3amel eih?" ithetha "Molo, unjani? Wenza ntoni?".
4. Uguqulelo kunye ne-SEO: Uzilawula njani ii-URL kunye namagama angundoqo?
Ukuba usebenzisa iwebhusayithi esebenzisana nelizwe lama-Arabhu okanye ukufunda ulwimi, ukhetho lwakho lokuguqulela luchaphazela ngqo usetyenziso lwe-injini yokukhangela (SEO):
- Lungelela ukukhangela imiqulu: Abasebenzisi abaze bachwetheze amagama antsokothileyo (njenge ṣ okanye ā) kwibar yokukhangela kaGoogle. Sebenzisa ushicilelo olulula ("Quran" endaweni ye "Qurʾān") kwizihloko zakho eziphambili kunye ne-URL slugs.
- Bandakanya iiyantlukwano zopelo: Ii-algorithms zikaGoogle zihlakaniphile, kodwa kubandakanywa ukwahluka kwesicatshulwa kwimihlathi yakho (umzekelo, "Ramadan", "Ramazan", "Ramadhan") inceda ukubamba zonke iitrafikhi ezivela kwimikhwa eyahlukeneyo yokukhuphela.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)
Uliguqulela njani idefinite article "Al" (ال) ngesiArabhu?
Umgaqo omiselweyo kukubhala "al-" kulandele iqhagamshela. Ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo, inokuthi ifakwe phambi koonobumba belanga (umzekelo, "i-ash-shams" endaweni ye "al-shams"), ebonisa ngokunyanisekileyo ukubizwa kwangempela kwegama.
Ngaba zikho izixhobo ezizenzekelayo kwi-intanethi zokusebenzisa umgangatho we-ISO?
Ewe, abaguquli abakhethekileyo kwi-intanethi bayakuvumela ukuba uncamathisele isicatshulwa sesiArabhu ukuze ngoko nangoko ufumane ukunyanzeliswa kwamaRoma ngeempawu zesiLatini, nto leyo iyimfuneko koosomathala beencwadi kunye nabaphandi.
Kutheni isiArabizi sigxekwa zezinye iingcali zolwimi?
Nangona ilula kakhulu kunxibelelwano olukhawulezayo lwe-smartphone, i-Arabizi ngamanye amaxesha iyagxekwa ngenxa yokuba ayifani (upelo luyahluka kumsebenzisi) kwaye inokudodobalisa ukufundwa kopelo lwesi-Arabhu phakathi kwezizukulwana ezincinci.
Kucetyiswa iZixhobo zesiArabhu & Izibonelelo
Izixhobo eziyimfuneko ezikwi-intanethi zokuphucula ukuchwetheza kwakho kwesiArabhu, uguqulelo, kunye namava okufunda:
- Ikhibhodi yesiArabhu ekwi-Intanethi – chwetheza oonobumba besiArabhu ngokulula ngekhibhodi yethu ekrelekrele enenyani.
- Umguquli wesiArabhu kwi-Intanethi – guqulela amagama esiArabhu, izivakalisi, kunye nezicatshulwa ngoko nangoko.
- Isiguquli sombhalo wesiArabhu – lungisa ukumila kweskripthi sesiArabhu kunye nesalathiso soyilo kunye nezixhobo zokuhlela.
Ukuqukumbela
Ingaba ubhala ithisisi yeyunivesithi, ukuqwalasela isichazi-magama sokuguqulela kwi-intanethi, okanye ukutshintshiselana ngemiyalezo kumajelo asekuhlaleni, ukuqonda ukwakhiwa kweIsikhokelo soguqulelo lwesiArabhukubalulekile. Ngokukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo yabaphulaphuli bakho (imfundo yobungqongqo kwezenzululwazi, eyenziwe lula kwiwebhu kunye ne-SEO, okanye i-Arabizi yedijithali ngokukhawuleza), uyakha iibhulorho ezithembekileyo nezicacileyo phakathi kwealfabhethi yesi-Arabhu kunye nehlabathi lesiLatini.
Ukuqala ukuchwetheza nokuziqhelanisa kwangoko, zama ikhibhodi yesiArabic yasimahla kwi-intanethi.