Ikhibhodi yesiArabhu

Iziphumlisi zesiArabhu kunye nokuBhala: Imithetho, iiMpawu kunye neeNgcaciso

Ixesha lokufunda: 5 imiz • Ukubhala kunye neeLinguistics

Xa unomdla kulwimi lwesiArabhu, ngokuqhelekileyo ingqalelo iphethukela kubuhle boonobumba bayo nokuntsonkotha kwegrama yayo. Noko ke, eyona nto ibalulekileyo idla ngokushiyelwa ecaleni: imithetho yeziphumlisi. Ukanti, ukwazi iziphumlisi nokubhala kwesiArabhu kubalulekile kuye nabani na onqwenela ukubhala, ukuguqulela, okanye ukupapasha umxholo osemgangathweni kwiWebhu okanye kushicilelo.

IsiArabhu sanamhlanje sisebenzisa inkqubo yobhalo ekhuthazwa kakhulu yimigangatho yaseNtshona, kodwa iqhelaniswe ngobuchule nemizobo yayo, ngakumbi indlela yokubhala yasekunene ukuya ekhohlo (RTL). Esi sikhokelo sibanzi sichaza imithetho ebalulekileyo kunye neempawu ekufuneka uzazi.

1. Imbali emfutshane yeziphumlisi zesi-Arabhu

Ngokwembali, iClassical Arabic yayingenazo iziphumlisi esizisebenzisayo namhlanje (njengexesha okanye isiphumlisi). Imibhalo-ngqangi yamandulo endaweni yoko yayisebenzisa amasuntswana omgaqo-ntetho (afana no"wa" okanye u"fa") ukuphawula unqumamo, okanye imiqondiso ethile yokuhombisa ukwahlula iindinyana zeQuran.

Kwakungekho kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, phantsi kobunkokeli bombhali wase-Egypt u-Ahmad Zaki Pasha, apho iimpawu zeziphumlisi zanamhlanje zaziswa ngokusemthethweni kwaye zahlanganiswa kwi-typography yesi-Arabhu ukuze kube lula ukufunda nokuthintela ukutolika gwenxa.

2. Iisimboli zeziphumlisi zesi-Arabhu kunye neemilo zazo

Ukusukela oko ulwimi lwesiArabhu lubhalwa ukusuka ekunene ukuya ekhohlo, uninzi lwamanqaku eziphumlisi ajingiwe okanye ajikwa (ukusetyenziswa kwawo okungachanekanga, enyanisweni, yenye yeempazamo zeezona mpazamo xa uchwetheza ngokulandelelana kokufunda ngesiArabic. Nantsi eyona mizekelo iphawulekayo:

Igama ngesiNgesi	Uphawu lwesiArabhu	Uphawu lwaseNtshona	Iinkcukacha zokuchwetheza
Ikoma	،	,	Ijikiselwe phezulu. Incamathela kwigama elandulelayo ngaphandle kwesithuba.
Isemikholoni	؛	;	Kwakhona iguqulwe, isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amagatya amabini anxulumeneyo.
Uphawu lombuzo	؟	?	Ujikelwe ekhohlo, ujongiswe kwicala lesivakalisi.
Amanqaku okucaphula	«»	""	IsiArabhu sithanda ukusetyenziswa kwamanqaku okucaphula kwesiFrentshi (guillemets) xa kucatshulwa.

Umgaqo obalulekileyo wesithuba: Just like in English, the period (.) and the question mark (؟) are followed by a space, but are never preceded by a space. The Arabic comma (،) is attached to the word on the right and followed by a space to the left.
                

3. Imithetho esisiseko yokubhala kwi-digital Arabic

Ukudibanisa umxholo kulwimi lwesiArabhu iifonti zesiArabhu kwiwebhusayithi (SEO) okanye iprosesa yamagama ifuna uqwalaselo olukhethekileyo ngenxa yokuziphatha kwesicatshulwa esiphindwe kabini (BiDi):

Uphawu lwe-RTL: Kwi-HTML, kunyanzelekile ukuquka dir = "rtl" uphawu kwithegi yomzali okanye <html> ukuze okubhaliweyo kunye namanqaku okubhala ahambelane ngokuchanekileyo ukusuka ekunene ukuya ekhohlo. Ngaphandle koku, amanqaku ombuzo wakho okanye iiphiriyodi ziya kuphelela ekubeni ziguqulwe ekuqaleni komgca.
Ukuxuba oonobumba: Xa ufaka amanani e-Western Arabic (1, 2, 3) okanye amagama ngoonobumba besiLatini phakathi kumhlathi wesi-Arabhu, isikhangeli silawula indlela yokubhala. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kweziphumlisi kuthintela iibhloko zeteksti ekutshintsheni ngokungalunganga.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)

Ngaba inqaku lesikhuzo (!) liyatshintsha ukumila kwisiArabhu?

Hayi. Inqaku lesikhuzo (!) kunye nekholoni (:) zigcina imilo efanayo kunye nokuqhelaniswa nesiArabhu njengesiNgesi. Zibekwe ngokulula ekupheleni kwesivakalisi (ngoko ngasekhohlo kwebhloko yokubhaliweyo).

Kutheni iziphumlisi zam zibonisa kwindawo engalunganga kwiwebhusayithi yam?

Le ngxaki iqhele ukwenzeka xa isalathiso sokubhaliweyo singachazwanga. Qinisekisa ukufaka ipropati yeCSS direction: rtl; okanye uphawu lweHTML dir="rtl" kwisikhongozeli sokubhaliweyo kwakho kwesiArabhu.

Zeziphi izibiyeli ezisetyenziswa kubhalo lwesiArabhu?

IsiArabhu sisebenzisa izibiyeli zakudala ( ) ukwahlula icandelo lesivakalisi okanye ingcaciso. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yabo yokuvula kunye nokuvala iqhelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuchwetheza ukusuka ekunene ukuya ekhohlo kwiikhibhodi ezilungiselelwe isiArabhu.

Kucetyiswa iZixhobo zesiArabhu & Izibonelelo

Izixhobo eziyimfuneko ezikwi-intanethi zokuphucula ukuchwetheza kwakho kwesiArabhu, uguqulelo, kunye namava okufunda:

Ikhibhodi yesiArabhu ekwi-Intanethi – chwetheza oonobumba besiArabhu ngokulula ngekhibhodi yethu ekrelekrele enenyani.
Umguquli wesiArabhu kwi-Intanethi – guqulela amagama esiArabhu, izivakalisi, kunye nezicatshulwa ngoko nangoko.
Isiguquli sombhalo wesiArabhu – lungisa ukumila kweskripthi sesiArabhu kunye nesalathiso soyilo kunye nezixhobo zokuhlela.

Ukuqukumbela

Nangona ingqondi,iziphumlisi ekubhaleni isi-Arabhuidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufikeleleni nasekucaceni komyalezo. Ngokuhlonipha ukuqhelaniswa neesimboli ezithile (ezifana nekoma kunye nophawu lombuzo) kunye nokuqwalasela ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo zakho zedijithali, uya kubonelela ngamava okufunda ampuluswayo nanobuchule kubasebenzisi bakho. Iziphumlisi ezilungileyo luphawu lomsebenzi ophuculiweyo wokuhlela!

Ukuqala ukuchwetheza nokuziqhelanisa kwangoko, zama ikhibhodi yesiArabic yasimahla kwi-intanethi.