Arabic Keyboard
Arabic Numerals uye Kushandisa Kwadzo: Nhoroondo, Evolution, uye Global Impact
Magirafu atinoshandisa zuva nezuva kuverenga, kuyera, kuseta mitengo, kana chirongwa (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) anonzi pasi rose "nhamba dzechiArab". Zvakadaro, nhoroondo yavo mhedzisiro yerwendo runonakidza rwetsika nemagariro achibatanidza nyanzvi dzemuIndia, mubatanidzwa wesainzi wenyika yechiArab-chiIslam (yakanyatsobatanidzwa nenhoroondo yemutauro wechiArabia), uye kutorwa kwechiArab nebudiriro. Kunzwisisa nhamba dzechiArab nemashandisirwo adzokureva kuongorora hwaro hwemasvomhu emazuva ano.
Nei nzira iyi yakatsiva nhamba dzechiRoma? Kunyorwa kwayo kwakarongwa sei, uye ndedzipi dziri misiyano yayo kupota nyika? Gwaro iri rakazara rinoburitsa zvakavanzika zvedecimal positional notation.
1. Mabviro eNhamba dzechiArab: Rwendo kubva kuIndia kuenda kuMadokero
Kusiyana neizvo zita ravo rinogona kuratidza pakutanga, magirafu aya akazvarwa muIndia kutenderera 3rd century BC. Nyanzvi dzemasvomhu dzeIndia dzakagadzira hurongwa hwekuchinja hunobva pazviratidzo gumi uye musimboti wechinzvimbo.
Muzana ramakore rechisere, pasi pekutonga kweAbbasid muBaghdad, zvinyorwa zvemasvomhu zveIndia zvakashandurirwa muchiArabic. Yaiva nyanzvi yemasvomhu yokuPezhiya yaAl-Khwarizmi (ane zita rakabudisa shoko rokutialgorithm) yakaita kuti kushandiswa kwegadziriro iyi kuve pamutemo mubasa rake rokutanga. Akatsanangura nzira dzekukurumidza kuverenga uye akaunza aya glyphs pamwero mukuru mukutonga uye kutengeserana kweEmpire yechiIslam.
Yakanga iri kuburikidza neMuslim Spain (Al-Andalus) uye basa raPope Sylvester II (Gerbert weAurillac), uye gare gare nyanzvi yemasvomhu yokuItalyFibonaccimuzana remakore rechi13, Europe yakawana mavara aya. Nekureruka, vanogumisa kuoma kwekuverenga kweabacus kwakaiswa nenhamba dzechiRoma.
2. Shanduko yePositional Notation neZero
Chinhu chikuru chenhamba dzechiArab chiri mumifungo miviri yakakosha yakashandura sainzi:
- The positional system: Kukosha kwedijiti kunoenderana zvachose nenzvimbo yayo munhamba. Munhamba 252, "2" kurudyi inokwana mayuniti maviri, nepo "2" kuruboshwe inokosha mazana maviri. Nhamba dzechiRoman (seCCV) hadzina kubvumira kushanduka uku.
- Kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kweZero (Sifr - ٠): Izwi rechiArabic rekuti sifr (rinoreva "kusava nematuro") ndiro rakaita kuti pave nemazwi ekuti "cipher" uye "zero". Zero haisi kungoshaikwa kwehuwandu; inyanzvi yesvomhu inodiwa inoshanda sechinzvimbo (inotibvumira kusiyanisa makumi maviri neshanu kubva pa205).
3. Manumera echiArab Arabic vs. Eastern Arabic Numerals
Pane hukuru hwemutauro uye geographical hunyengeri. Zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa muEurope uye pasi rose (1, 2, 3) zvinonzi "Nhamba dzeWestern Arabic" kana kuti *Ghubar*. Dzakagadzirwa muNorth Africa neAndalusia.
Sezvineiwo, muPedyo neMiddle East (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, UAE), "Eastern Arabic numerals" (kana Indo-Arabic numerals) inonyanya kushandiswa. Heino tafura yekuenzanisa kuti unzwisise tsamba yavo yekuona:
| Western Numerals (Ghubar) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mabvazuva Numerals / Mashreq | ٠ | ١ | ٢ | ٣ | ٤ | ٥ | ٦ | ٧ | ٨ | ٩ |
4. Kushandiswa Kwemazuva Ano uye Impact paDigital SEO
Muweb ecosystem yechizvinozvino, manhamba ekutonga, manyorerwo, uye kunyora nechiArabic zvakakosha zvakanyanya pakutsvaga injini optimization (SEO) nekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika (i18n):
- URL Kumisikidzwa: Kuinjini yekutsvaga seGoogle, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa manhamba eWestern Arabic (1, 2, 3) muma URL maumbirwo, kunyangwe kumasayiti akanyorwa nechiArabic, kudzivirira mabhigi ekukodha mavara (complex percent codes).
- Kushandiswa Kwepasi Pose: Mapurogiramu mazhinji enharembozha uye mawebhusaiti ekuMiddle East ave kupa maswichi anobvumira vashandisi kuchinja kuratidzwa kwenhamba data (mitengo, nhamba, nhamba dzenhare) pakati peGlyphs dzekuMabvazuva nedzekuMadokero zvinoenderana nezvavanofarira.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (FAQ)
Sei nhamba dzekuMabvazuva (١, ٢, ٣) dzimwe nguva dzichifanana nenhamba dzedu?
Ndiyo imwe nzira yakapoteredza! Nhamba dzedu (1, 2, 3) dzinobva mukushanduka kwezvinyorwa zveEastern neMaghrebi. Semuyenzaniso, kana ukatenderedza nhamba mbiri dzekuMabvazuva (٢) 90 madhigirii kuruboshwe, unotanga kuona chimiro chenhamba 2 yedu yanhasi ichioneka.
Nderipi kwakabva ngano yemakona ekutsanangura maumbirwo enhamba?
Pane dzidziso yakakurumbira (asi yenhoroondo isina kururama) inoti nhamba yega yega yechiArab yakadhirowewa zvichienderana nenhamba yemakona airi (1 angave ane kona imwe, 2 angave nemakona maviri, nezvimwewo). Vanyori vezvakaitika kare veSainzi vakaratidza kuti uku kunonoka kugadzirwa uye kuti kushanduka kwemaglyphs kwakanyatso kutuka.
Ndedzipi nyika dzechiArab dzinoshandisa manhamba edu (1, 2, 3) zuva nezuva?
Nyika dzeMaghreb (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) dzinenge dzinoshandisa nhamba dzeWestern Arabic chete (1, 2, 3) mukutonga, dzidzo, uye marezinesi mahwendefa. Nyika dzeLevant neGulf dzinosarudza nhamba dzekuMabvazuva (١, ٢, ٣), kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kwemagwaro ekuMadokero kuri kukura nokukurumidza nekuda kwekombiyuta yedhijitari.
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Mhedziso
Kudzidza kwenhamba dzechiArab nemashandisirwo adzo kunoburitsa hunhu hwesainzi. Nekubvisa zvipingamupinyi zvenzvimbo, iyi gadziriro yenhamba inobudirira zvikuru yakagonesa kukwira kwealgebra, accounting yemazuva ano, nyeredzi, uye, munguva pfupi yapfuura, komputa. Nekutora zviratidzo gumi zviri nyore izvi, vanhu vakazvipa nemutauro wakafanana, unoyerera, uye usina muganhu wemasvomhu.
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