Ahụigodo Arabic
Iwu Ụtọasụsụ Arabik: Ntuzi zuru ezu na nke dị mfe
Asụsụ Arabic nwere aha ọma maka ịdị mgbagwoju anya, mana ọ bụ n'ezie otu n'ime asụsụ ezi uche dị na ya na mgbakọ na mwepụ n'ụwa. Iwu ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ Arab(a na-akpọAl-Qawa'id) gbadoro ụkwụ na usoro nke izizi dị ịrịba ama. Ozugbo ị ghọtara usoro ya bụ isi, ị na-ejide mkpịsị ugodi iji depụta ederede oge gboo ọ bụla, site na Quran ruo akwụkwọ ọgbara ọhụrụ.
A na-ekewa ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ Arabic na sayensị abụọ bụ isi:Nahw( syntax , ya bụ, ọrụ nke okwu dị n'ahịrịokwu na njedebe ha ) na Sarf (morphology, ya bụ, nhazi nke okwu). Ntuziaka a na-egosi ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi ka ị mara ka ị malite nke ọma.
1. Ụdị okwu atọ (Aqsam Al-Kalima)
N'adịghị ka Bekee nke na-akọwapụta ọdịiche aha, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, conjunctions, wdg, Arabic na-eji nkà dị mfe nhazi ọkwa. Okwu ọbụla (Kalima) n’asụsụ Arabik ga-abụrịrị otu n’imeụdị atọa:
- Nwa aha (Ism - اسم): Ọ na-agụnye ihe anyị na-akpọ n'aha bekee (man, house), adjectives (ogologo, mara mma), nnọchiaha (ya, m), na adverbs nke oge/ebe (taa, n'ihu). Otu aha n'asụsụ Arabic nwere ike were isiokwu doro anya "Al" (ال) ma ọ bụ "Tanwin" (ụdaume okpukpu abụọ na njedebe).
- Ngwaa (Fi'l - فعل): Ọ na-egosipụta omume jikọtara na oge ( gara aga, ugbu a/ọdịdị, ma ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa). Ọmụmaatụ: Kataba (كَتَبَ - o dere).
- The Particle (Harf - حرف): Ndị a bụ obere okwu anaghị agbanwe agbanwe na-enwe naanị nkọwa zuru oke mgbe ejikọtara ya na aha ma ọ bụ ngwaa ( prepositions, conjunctions, particles ajụjụ). Ọmụmaatụ: Fi (فِي - in).
2. Mwube ahịrịokwu (Al-Jumla)
Enwere ụdị ahịrịokwu abụọ n'asụsụ Arabic, nke akọwapụtara n'ụdị okwu ha ji malite:
A. Ahịrịokwu aha (Al-Jumla Al-Ismiyya)
Nke a bụ ahịrịokwu na-amalite naNoun. Ọ na-abụkarị ogidi abụọ bụ isi mejupụtara ya:
- TheMubtada'(isiokwu/isiokwu a na-atụle).
- The Khabar(ozi e nyere gbasara isiokwu a).
Ihe atụ: الرَّجُلُ طَوِيلٌ (Ar-rajulu tawilun) = Nwoke ahụ (bụ) ogologo. Rụba ama na ngwaa "ịbụ" n'oge ugbu a egosighi na Arabic!
B. Ahịrịokwu ọnụ (Al-Jumla Al-Fi'liyya)
Nke a bụ ahịrịokwu na-amalite na ngwaa. Usoro usoro okwu oge gboo n'asụsụ Arabik dị iche na bekee (Subject-Verb-Object). N'asụsụ Arabik, usoro a bụ Ngwaọrụ + Isiokwu + Ihe (VSO).
- Fi'l: Ngwaa.
- Fa'il: Isiokwu (onye na-eme ihe).
- Maf'ul bihi: Ihe ahụ kpọmkwem (nke a na-eme ihe).
Ihe atụ: أَكَلَ الوَلَدُ تُفَّاحَةً (Akala al-waladu tuffahatan) = Nwata nwoke riri apụl.
3. Obi ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ: Declensions (Al-I'rab)
Nke a bụ iwu kacha mkpa na ama ama nke ụtọ asụsụ Arabic. I'rab bụ mgbanwe na ụdaume ikpeazụ nke okwu dabere n'ọrụ ụtọasụsụ ya n'ahịrịokwu. Ọ bụ n'ihi ụdaume ikpeazụ a ka anyị ji mara onye bụ isiokwu na onye bụ ihe ahụ, ọ bụrụgodị na a tụgharịrị n'usoro okwu.
| Okwu Ụtọasụsụ | Ọrụ (atụ) | Udaume ikpeazụ (Akara) | Ihe atụ zuru oke |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nhọpụta (Marfu') | Isiokwu ahụ (Fa'il), Mubtada' | Damma ( ُ ) / "u" ụda | Al-waladu (الولدُ) - Nwa nwoke (isiokwu) |
| Aka ebubo (Mansub) | Ihe ahụ kpọmkwem (Maf'ul bihi) | Fatha ( َ ) / "a" ụda | Al-walada (الولدَ) - Nwa nwoke (ihe) |
| Genitive (Majrur) | Mgbe amụma, ma ọ bụ ihe onwunwe gasịrị | Kasra ( ِ ) / "i" ụda | Al-waladi (الولدِ) - Nke/ nye nwata nwoke ahụ. |
4. Usoro morphological (Mkpọrọgwụ na ụkpụrụ)
Iji mee ka okwu ya dịkwuo mma, asụsụ Arabik na-adabere na usoro nwere ọgụgụ isi:mgbọrọgwụ triliteral( mkpụrụedemede atọ). Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okwu Arabic niile na-enweta site na mgbọrọgwụ nke consonants atọ na-ebu echiche izugbe.
Site n'itinye mkpụrụedemede atọ ndị a n'ụdị "akpụkpọ" dị iche iche, anyị na-enweta ọtụtụ okwu sitere n'otu ezinụlọ nke ọmụmụ (mkpụrụedemede ndị a sitere na mkpụrụedemede Arab). Ka anyị were mgbọrọgwụK-T-B(ك ت ب), nke bu echiche nke ide:
- KaTaBa = O dere (ngwaa).
- KaaTiB = Onye edemede (isiokwu nke omume).
- maKTuB = Edere, leta (ihe).
- maKTaB = Ụlọ ọrụ / oche (ebe a na-eme ihe).
- KiTaaB = Akwụkwọ.
Ajụjụ A na-ajụkarị (FAQ)
Gịnị bụ isi ike nke ụtọ asụsụ Arabic?
Maka onye na-abụghị onye na-asụ asụsụ, ihe ịma aka kasịnụ bụ ime ka usoro mmebi ahụ (I'rab) na-ekwu okwu ọnụ. N'ezie, n'asụsụ a na-asụ (dialectal, lee dị iche n'asụsụ Arabik), ngwụcha ndị a apụọla, mana ha kwesịrị ịgụ na asụ Arabic Standard Standard nke ọma.
Kedu ka esi ejikọta ngwaa na Arabic?
N'adịghị ka Bekee nke nwere ọtụtụ okwu, Arabic naanị nwere akụkụ abụọ bụ isi:nke zuru okè(Al-Madi), maka imecha arụ ọrụ (nke a na-asụgharịkarị dị ka oge gara aga), na na-ezughị okè(Al-Mudari'), maka ihe na-aga n'ihu ma ọ bụ n'ọdịnihu (ugbu a / ọdịnihu).
Ọ nwere ihe ndị dị na iwu ụtọ asụsụ?
Ee, dị ka n'asụsụ ọ bụla! Enwere, dịka ọmụmaatụ, okwu ndị na-ajụ iburu Kasra (ụda "i") n'okwu genitive, nke a na-akpọ "Mamnu' min as-sarf" (diptotes). Agbanyeghị, ụtọ asụsụ Arabic na-anọgide n'ụwa niile karịa mgbakọ na mwepụ na oge karịa ụtọ asụsụ Bekee.
Ngwa Arabic akwadoro & Akụrụngwa
Ngwa dị mkpa dị n'ịntanetị iji kwalite ederede Arabic, ntụgharị na ahụmịhe mmụta gị:
- Ahụigodo Arab dị n'ịntanetị - iji ngwa ahụigodo smart mebere anyị pịnye mkpụrụedemede Arab.
- Asụsụ Arabic n'ịntanetị – sụgharịa okwu, ahịrịokwu na ederede Arabic ozugbo.
- Ntụgharị asụsụ Arabik – dozie nhazi edemede Arabic na ntụzịaka maka imewe na ngwa ndezi.
Mmechi
Ịmụ iwu ụtọasụsụ Arabbụ njem na-adọrọ adọrọ nke na-achọ mgbakasị ahụ mana na-enye nnukwu ụgwọ ọrụ. Ozugbo ị mara nka nke ịmata ụdị okwu atọ ahụ, usoro ahịrịokwu ọnụ, na mgbanwe ụdaume ikpeazụ (I'rab), ụzọ nke uri oge gboo, akwụkwọ, na ederede okpukpe ga-emeghere gị. Igodo nke ịga nke ọma? Na-eme nyocha nkebiokwu (I'rab) dịka o kwere mee!
Iji bido pịnye na ịme mmemme ozugbo, nwaa kiiboodu Arabic efu n'ịntanetị.